专利摘要:
A method of mounting a flexible conduit tip (82) (10) comprising the steps of: a) providing a flexible conduit (10) comprising an inner tubular structure (16, 18, 20) and a plurality pull armor (26); b) providing a tip (82) comprising a sleeve (30) and a cylindrical cap (70) coaxially cap said sleeve (30) to provide an annular chamber (76); c) said inner tubular structure is fitted inside said sleeve (30), and said tensile armor (76) is conformed so as to be able to extend around said sleeve; and, d) engaging said sleeve (30) within said cylindrical hood (70) to anchor said tensile armor within said annular chamber (76). The method further comprises, after step c), a double step of longitudinal tensioning and relaxation of said tensile armor (26).
公开号:FR3038033A1
申请号:FR1556078
申请日:2015-06-29
公开日:2016-12-30
发明作者:Didier Hanonge;Antoine Felix-Henry;Blan Benjamin Le;Fernando Leitao Goncalves Toste
申请人:Technip France SAS;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

[0001] The present invention relates to a method of mounting a flexible pipe end to be able to connect submarine flexible pipes intended in particular for the transport of hydrocarbons. One envisaged field of application of these flexible submarine pipes is in particular, but not exclusively, that of so-called "dynamic" flexible pipes, which are used in marine environments with a high current, or close to the surface. They therefore suffer from high mechanical stress when in use. These flexible pipes are usually of the "unbound" type and are made in accordance with API 17J (Specification for Unbounded Flexible Pipe) and API RP 17B (Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe) established by the American Petroleum Institute.
[0002] They comprise at least one hydrocarbon-tight internal sheath conveyed, at least one first pressure-reinforcing layer made of at least one wire wound at short pitch to take up the radial stresses, at least one second tension-reinforcing layer. , made of a plurality of helical coiled helically not long to take the axial tensions exerted on the pipe, and possibly an outer protective sheath. The ends intended to be mounted at the end of the pipes usually comprise a sleeve and a cylindrical cap coaxially cap the sleeve forming an annular chamber therebetween.
[0003] The inner sheath and the first pressure reinforcement layer are woven into the sleeve while the traction armor is conformed around the sleeve. During this conformation, the armor is detached from the first layer of pressure reinforcement and bent to then be folded against the sleeve. In addition, their free end is preferably curved to improve anchoring. Then, the sleeve thus connected to the pipe is capped with the cylindrical cover so that the armor comes to extend freely within the annular chamber. The annular chamber is then filled with a crosslinkable synthetic resin 3038033 2, for example based on epoxide, which comes to drown the armor. The armor captives of the solidified resin are then firmly anchored in the annular chamber, and thus secured to the tip and the cover. Indeed, the armors are in particular retained by friction within the solidified resin. In particular, reference may be made to document EP 1 336 061, which describes such a mounting method. Nevertheless, a nerve center of these pipes is between the tip that connects them to a marine or underwater installation, and the body of the pipe itself. Indeed, the repeated movements of the body of the pipe relative to the endpiece, tend to reduce the mechanical strength of the tensile armor at the tip, this may lead to a separation of the pipe and the endpiece . Also, a problem which arises and which the present invention aims to solve is to provide a mounting method which makes it possible to prevent the end piece from becoming detached from the flexible pipe after a period of service. For this purpose, the present invention provides a method of mounting a flexible pipe tip, of the type comprising the following steps: a) providing a flexible pipe comprising an inner tubular structure and a plurality of helically wound helices. a long pitch around said inner tubular structure, said inner tubular structure having a free end; b) providing a tip comprising a sleeve and a cylindrical cap for coaxially caping said sleeve to be able to provide an annular space between said sleeve and said cylindrical cap; c) said free end of said inner tubular structure is embedded within said sleeve, while said tensile armor is conformed so as to be able to extend around said sleeve; and, d) capping said sleeve with said hood to anchor said tensile armor within said annulus. The mounting method further comprises, after step c), a double step of longitudinal tensioning and loosening of said tensile armor. Thus, a feature of the invention lies in the illumination of an armor failure unknown heretofore, their fatigue failure 3038033 3 at the tip. Indeed, during their conformation, the armor is subjected to high stresses where they are folded and unfolded, and they are then locally plasticized. Also, the armors present in the plasticized areas residual stresses. In this way, according to the invention, the armors are tensioned for a determined period of time after they have been plasticized locally. Also, additional constraints are added, which has the effect of further increasing the plasticization in areas already plasticized. Then release the armor, and this relaxation allows to relax the additional constraints but also the residual stresses below their release threshold before traction. As a result, the armor will always have a good elasticity and the levels of residual stresses in the armor will be lower than they would have been without tensioning. In this way, the armors are more resistant to fatigue and the service life, the connection of the bit and the pipe is significantly increased. In addition, as will be explained below, the armor will be placed in longitudinal tension according to a force greater than the tension that will be the armor when the flexible pipe will be in service. According to a first embodiment of the invention which is particularly advantageous, said double step of longitudinal tensioning and relaxation is implemented between step c) and step d), that is to say that is, after connecting the sleeve and the inner tubular structure and having shaped the tensile armor around the sleeve. It is then possible to tension each armor independently of each other, or in groups. In this way, it is easy to exert a longitudinal tension at a determined value for each of the armor. Considering all the armor of the flexible pipe for a pipe of internal diameter equal to 6 ", ie 15.24 cm, a longitudinal tension of between 500 000 N and 17 500 000 N is preferably exerted, ie substantially between 50 t 1750 t moreover, for flexible pipes whose internal diameter is between 2 ", ie 5.08 cm and 20" or 50.8 cm, the longitudinal tension to be applied to all the armor of the pipe is determined by proportionality and is a function of the diameter and the total section of the armor layers Advantageously, the longitudinal tension applied is between 800 000 N and 10 000 000 N, ie substantially between 80 t 1000 t, and preferably between 1 000 000 N and 8 000 000 N, ie between 100 t and 800 t.
[0004] In addition, the tensile armor each has a free armor end, and each of the free armor ends is advantageously grasped so as to be able to longitudinally tension said tensile armor. The ends of the armor are for example engaged in jaws, to be seized and then put in tension.
[0005] In addition, each of said free armor ends extending in an axial direction, projecting from said free end of said inner tubular structure. This characteristic makes it possible, as will be explained below, to be able to grip the free armor ends between the jaws, at the risk of denaturing the mechanical properties of the armor at the level of the tightening, and then of coming to cut the end seized, without the armor being too short to perform the anchoring. In other words, an over-length armor is provided to be able to easily achieve longitudinal tensioning. In addition, and advantageously, a clamp is further provided, and said clamp is carried around said plurality of tensile armors upstream of said sleeve. As will be explained in more detail in the description which follows, the plurality of armor is arranged in a cylindrical sheet with a circular guide curve around the inner tubular structure. Accordingly, the clamp is applied to the cylindrical armor ply, and the armor is then peeled from the inner tubular structure from the clamp. Also, in a particularly advantageous manner, a support ring is provided in a particularly advantageous manner and said support ring is mounted around said sleeve so as to be able to support the tensile armor of said plurality of tensile armors. The support ring may remain in the sleeve or constitute a wedge for tensioning the tensile armor and then removed. According to a second embodiment of the advantageous invention, said double step of longitudinal tensioning and relaxation is carried out after step d). Thus, the tensile armor is placed in longitudinal tension after they have been secured to the sleeve. In other words, it comes axially exerting traction on the tip in a direction opposite to that of the fitting of the free end of the inner tubular structure 5 inside the sleeve, so as to simultaneously tension all traction armor. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, said flexible pipe and said end-piece are engaged and forces are exerted in a longitudinal direction and in opposite directions on said pipe and on said end-piece 10 so as to be able to put said traction armors in longitudinal tension. For example, the tip is tethered, typically at a distance of between one meter and ten meters from the endpiece, to a structure held in a fixed position and the flexible pipe near the end cap is encircled in sets of tracks allowing translationally and axially driving the flexible pipe in a direction opposite to the structure. In another example, the sets of tracks are replaced by a clamp (or "clamp" in English). In an alternative embodiment of the above mode, the tensile armor of the flexible pipe in current length is tensioned, and more particularly in the zone under a curvature limiter such as a curvature stiffener or a reduction reducer. curvature. Indeed, the armor of tractions are in this area subject to variations in curvatures causing a surplus of stresses that have the effect of accelerating the aging of the pipe in fatigue.
[0006] For this purpose, said flexible pipe and said end-piece are engaged and forces are exerted in a longitudinal direction and in opposite directions on said pipe and on said end-piece so as to be able to put said traction armors in longitudinal tension. For example, the endpiece is tethered to a structure held in a fixed position and the flexible pipe, typically at a distance of between 1 meter and 50 meters from the endpiece, is enclosed in sets of tracks or in a clamping clamp allowing to drive in translation and axially the flexible pipe in a direction opposite to the structure.
[0007] In accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention, a pressurized fluid is furthermore placed inside said flexible pipe. For example, pressurized fluid is carried within the flexible pipe to a value of one and a half times the design pressure. In this way, the relaxation of the stresses is further improved. In addition, the actual behavior of the flexible pipe in service is simulated. In addition, and preferably, the tension armor is placed in longitudinal tension at a tension value close to the elastic limit of the tensile armor, and this, whatever the embodiment. The tensile armor is brought to a tension value of between 0.5 and once their yield strength. Preferably, they are brought to an optimum relaxation tension value of between 0.8 and 0.9 times their yield strength. In some applications, the tensile armor is brought to a voltage value higher than its yield strength.
[0008] Advantageously, the tensile armors are stressed in tension to a value greater than that which they would be subjected to undergoing in service, both for stress forces and for internal pressure forces. Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of particular embodiments of the invention, given by way of indication but not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a partial schematic view in cutaway of a flexible pipe according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a partial schematic view in half-axial section 25 of a flexible pipe equipped with a nozzle being mounted according to the invention according to a first embodiment; - Figure 3 is a partial schematic view in a half-axial section of a flexible pipe and equipped with a mounted nozzle; - Figure 4 is a partial schematic side elevational view illustrating a second embodiment of the invention; and - Figure 5 is a graph representing one of the interests of the invention. Figure 1 partially illustrates and severed a flexible pipe 10 for the transport of hydrocarbons in an offshore environment. It has, inwardly 12 inside 12, a metal casing 16 fitted in a waterproof sheath 18 made of a polymeric material; a pressure vault 20 made of a helically shaped wire helically wound not short to form contiguous turns around the sealed sheath 18; two plies 22, 24 5 respectively made of a plurality of tensile armors 26 wound helically not long around the pressure vault 20; and a protective protective sheath 28 surrounding the two plies 22, 24. Alternatively, the flexible pipe 10 has four plies made of a plurality of tensile armors 26 wound helically with a long pitch around the pressure vault 20. The tensile armor 26 of one of the two plies 22, 24 are wound helically in a direction opposite to the plurality of tensile armor 26 of the other 24 of the two plies 22, 24 so as to be able to balance the tangential forces. which appear in each of its two plies 22, 24. Indeed, the tensile armor 26 are intended to take up the longitudinal forces exerted on the flexible pipe. Each of the plies 22, 24 may comprise, for example, more than 40 weaves. It is then understood that the armors subjected to tensile stresses may tend to approach a straight line and not retain their curvature along their osculating circle. Also, it is understood that the connection ends will have, in addition to sealing with the flexible pipe, too, resume the tensile forces it undergoes. Therefore, the traction armors 26 must be securely moored on the end pieces.
[0009] Referring now to FIG. 2 showing partially and in half-axial section, a sleeve 30 and the flexible pipe 10. There is successively, from the inside 12 towards the outside 14, on the one hand the metal carcass 16, the sealed sheath 18 and the pressure vault 20, constituting an internal tubular structure, and secondly the two plies 22, 24 and the protective waterproof sheath 28. Advantageously, the winding of an anti-adhesive strip wear is provided between the pressure vault 20 and the first ply 22 of tensile armor on the one hand and between the first ply 22 and the second ply 24 of tension armor on the other hand. Also, it can advantageously provide the winding of at least one holding strip over the web 24 of tensile armor to limit the swelling of the sheets 22, 24 in case of reverse background effect.
[0010] The sleeve 30, also referred to as the arch, has a front connecting part 32 and a rear part 34 connecting with the flexible pipe 10. The sleeve 30 has inside and in the rear part 34 a stop ring 39 having a rear face 40 of support of the pressure vault 20. It also has around the stop ring 39, a peripheral axial recess 45 having a common edge with the conical outer wall 42, and forming a surface of support. In contrast, the sleeve 30 has a conical outer wall 42 whose theoretical center is located beyond the front connecting portion 32 opposite the rear portion 34 connecting. It also has a collar 44 in the small diameter portion of the conical outer wall 42. Thus, the flange 44 and the conical outer wall 42 partially delimits a housing 46. The internal tubular structure comprising the pressure vault 20, the sheath 18 and the carcass 16 define a free end stepped, which is fitted inside the sleeve 30 in its rear portion 34.
[0011] Also, a crimping ring 48 is installed against the bearing surface formed by the peripheral axial recess 45, and it protrudes from the stop ring 39 to prevent axial displacement of the stop ring 39. and / or the crimping ring, not referenced, of the pressure sheath. In addition, a bearing ring 50 geometrically complementary to the crimping ring 48 is applied against it. It has, for example, an external rear chamfer forming a tapered outer bearing ramp 52, opposite to the crimping ring 48 and a front bearing cylindrical bearing surface 54 projecting from the conical outer wall 42. , behind the sleeve 30 and around the flexible pipe 10, a clamping collar 56, preferably in several parts, maintains the two plies of armor 22, 24 concentric. The clamping collar 56 has, for example, an inner front chamfer forming an internal bearing tapered ramp 58, and a rear edge 60 near which a cannula 62 extends axially which receives the protective sealing sheath 28. Thus, after interconnecting the inner tubular structure, i.e. the pressure vault 20, the sealing sheath 18 and the casing 16, with the sleeve 30, the support ring 50 and the collar are installed. 56. The armor 26 of the two plies 22, 24 is then conformed to. First, it will be observed that during the assembly of the sleeve on the internal tubular structure, the armor 26 of the two plies 22, 24 have been folded towards the back for reasons of space. The folding 10 is carried out in part by the clamping collar 56. The tapered internal support ramp 58 allows the armor 26 of the two plies 22, 24 to be folded backwards. This folding is likely to generate internal stresses. in each armor. After the assembly has been completed, the armor 26 is then folded against the support ring 50 and then bent substantially towards the conical outer wall 42. Each armor 26 has a free armor end 64. The ends In FIG. 2, the free armor 64 extends schematically within the housing 46. However, provision is made for free armor ends which extend axially at least internal tubular structure so that each can be grasped between unrepresented jaws. In other words, the free armor ends 64 are longer than those shown in FIG. 2. Therefore, in a first phase, the ends of the free armor are driven longitudinally by means of these jaws in order to tension the armor. 26, in a direction substantially parallel to the conical outer wall 42. Considering all the armor of the flexible pipe 10, for a pipe of internal diameter equal to 6 ", or 15.24 cm, a longitudinal tension is preferably exerted between 500 000 N and 30 17 500 000 N, which is substantially between 50 tonnes and 1750 tonnes, and for flexible pipes with an internal diameter of between 2 "and 5.08 cm and 20" or 50.8 mm. cm, the longitudinal tension to be applied to all armor 3038033 of the pipe is determined by proportionality and is a function of the diameter and the total section of the armor layers. action 26 of the outer ply 24 is tensioned the armor 26 of the inner ply 22. First, it will be observed that the armor 26, due to their helical winding, are substantially inclined relative to the generatrices of the wall external conical 42. In addition, when the armors 26 are driven in translation, they are supported on the one hand on the bearing ring 50 against the conical ramp of external support 52 and the cylindrical bearing surface before 54, Directly for the innermost ply 22 or indirectly for the outermost ply 24, and secondly on the clamping collar 56, against the conical internal bearing ramp 58, directly for the outermost ply 24 and indirectly for the more internal layer 22. In this way, a longitudinal tension is exerted on the armors 26 which are exerted substantially uniformly free armor ends 64 to the clamping collar 56. In this way, a longitudinal tension is exerted on the portions of armor 26 having undergone stresses during the first part of the fitting of the sleeve 30. The tension exerted on the free armor ends 64 is obviously transmitted in the flexible pipe 10 beyond the clamping collar 56. But its intensity dissipate with distance. The longitudinal tension printed on the armor 26 generates stresses which are added to the residual stresses due to the initial conformation of the armor. The armors are tensioned at a value between 0.5 and 1.0 times their yield strength. Preferably, they are brought to an optimum relaxation tension value of between 0.8 and 0.9 times their yield strength. Then, after a given tensioning period of between 5 seconds and 60 seconds, preferably less than 30 seconds, the free armor end 64 is released and, consequently, the level of the residual stresses of the 'armor. As a result, the armor exhibits increased fatigue resistance. Considering the setting in tension of all the ends of free armor 64 of the inner and outer plies 22, 24, the given tensioning period is then between 1 minute and 60 minutes, preferably 3038033 less than 20 minutes . The duration of tensioning of the tensile armor depends on the length of the flexible pipe requested and the maximum value of the voltage to be applied. Reference can be made to the graph illustrated in FIG. 5, showing the evolution of the tensile strength of the armor 26 as a function of the number of deformation cycles applied to them. The lower curve 66 represents armor that has not been tensioned and where the residual stresses remain at their initial level, while the upper curve 68 represents the evolution of a weave having undergone cyclic temporary tensioning.
[0012] It is observed that the mechanical properties of the armor, in fatigue, are increased when the residual stresses have been partially reduced by a temporary tensioning. Referring now to Figure 3 illustrating the completion of the mounting method according to the invention.
[0013] The sleeve 30, and the internal tubular structure, that is to say the pressure vault 20, the sealed sheath 18 and the carcass 16 are found in this FIG. 3. the crimping ring 48 which has been freed from the bearing ring 50. Nevertheless, the support ring 50 can very well remain permanently around the armor plies 22, 24, if necessary. It will be observed that the free armor ends 64 have been bent backward as a hook to improve the anchorage. This configuration is not systematic and the free ends 64 may have a straight end, twisted called "twisted" in English, or wavy, called "wavy" in English. In addition, the sleeve 30 connected to the flexible pipe 10 has been engaged inside a cylindrical hood 70 which has an inner front support edge 72 bearing on the flange 44 and a rear support edge opposed 74 coming to bear on the protective sheath 28 through a rear seal assembly comprising a crimping ring and a rear flange. Thus the cylindrical hood 70 closes the housing 46 to form an annular chamber 76. The annular chamber thus extends axially from the clamping collar 56 to the flange 44. In addition, the cylindrical cap 70 has a filling port 78 reclosable by a screw 3038033 12 shutter 80 or by any other means likely to agree. The annular chamber 76 is then filled with a reactive epoxy resin initially liquid and intended to harden. As a result, the armors 26 are trapped in the annular chamber 76 and thus are firmly anchored in the end piece 82 formed by the sleeve 30 engaged in the cylindrical cover 70. According to a second embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 4, it is dispensed with the individual longitudinal tensioning of the armor as described above while keeping all the other steps, until the anchoring of the armor inside the annular chamber of the mouthpiece .
[0014] Thus, in this figure, a tip 82 'and a flexible pipe 10' are found. The end piece is then moored to a fixed structure 84 by means of a traction head 86. Also, track trains 88 are used around the flexible pipe 10 '. With these track trains 88 isostatic force is exerted in an axial direction of the flexible pipe 10 ', in a direction opposite to the end piece 82' so as to be able to tension substantially longitudinally all the armor of the plies. armor of the flexible pipe 10 'as well in the tip 82' as current length over a distance of a few meters. Then, the flexible pipe 10 'is released, so as to lower the level of residual stresses remaining in the armor. Thus, whatever the mode of implementation of the invention chosen, the mounting method of the nozzle comprises a preliminary phase of preparation of the end of the flexible pipe where it comes to clear the internal tubular structure of staged manner to be able to press it inside the sleeve. The tensile armor is then shaped so as to be able to extend around the sleeve and the sleeve is engaged inside the cylindrical cover so that the annular chamber thus formed can then be filled with a hardenable resin. The longitudinal tensioning of the armor takes place, either individually before engaging the sleeve inside the cylindrical cowl, or after the nozzle has been mounted on the pipe.
权利要求:
Claims (10)
[0001]
REVENDICATIONS1. A method of mounting a flexible pipe tip (82) (10), of the type comprising the following steps: a) providing a flexible pipe (10) comprising an inner tubular structure (16, 18, 20) and a plurality of tensile armor (26) wound helically with a long pitch around said inner tubular structure (16, 18, 20), said inner tubular structure having a free end; b) providing a tip (82) comprising a sleeve (30) and a cylindrical cap (70) for coaxially caping said sleeve (30) to be able to provide an annular chamber (76) between said sleeve (30) and said hood cylindrical (70); c) said free end of said inner tubular structure is embedded inside said sleeve (30), while said tensile armor (26) is conformed so as to be able to extend around said sleeve; and, d) capping said sleeve (30) with said cylindrical hood (70) to anchor said tensile armor within said annular chamber (76); characterized in that it further comprises, after step c), a double step of longitudinal tensioning and relaxation of said tensile armor (26).
[0002]
2. Mounting method according to claim 1, characterized in that it implements said double step of longitudinal tensioning and relaxation, between step c) and step d).
[0003]
3. Mounting method according to claim 2, characterized in that said tensile armor (26) each have a free armor end (64), and that each of the free armor ends is grasped in order to be able to in longitudinal tension said tensile armor (26).
[0004]
4. Mounting method according to claim 3, characterized in that each of said free armor ends (64) extending in an axial direction, projecting from said free end of said inner tubular structure (16, 18, 20) . 3038033 14
[0005]
5. Mounting method according to claim 1, characterized in that implements said dual step of longitudinal tensioning and relaxation after step d).
[0006]
6. Mounting method according to claim 5, characterized in that said flexible pipe (10 ') and said end piece (82') are engaged and in that efforts are exerted in a longitudinal direction and in the direction opposed on said pipe (10 ') and on said tip (82') to be able to put in longitudinal tension said tensile armor.
[0007]
7. Mounting method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a pressurized fluid is additionally placed inside said flexible pipe (10 ').
[0008]
8. Mounting method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that one further provides a clamp (56), and in that one carries said clamp around said plurality of tension armor (22, 24) and upstream of said sleeve (30).
[0009]
9. Mounting method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that one further provides a support ring (50) and in that said mounting ring is mounted around said sleeve (30). ) to be able to receive in support the tensile armor (26) of said plurality of tensile armors.
[0010]
10. Mounting method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that puts in longitudinal tension tensile armor (26) at a voltage value close to the elastic limit of the tensile armor. 25
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
FR3038033B1|2017-07-28|
EP3314155A1|2018-05-02|
WO2017001774A1|2017-01-05|
CN107850248B|2021-02-02|
CN107850248A|2018-03-27|
DK3314155T3|2019-08-05|
EP3314155B1|2019-05-15|
BR112017027438A2|2018-09-04|
引用文献:
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法律状态:
2016-06-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
2016-12-30| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20161230 |
2017-06-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
2018-06-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
2020-06-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
FR1556078A|FR3038033B1|2015-06-29|2015-06-29|METHOD OF MOUNTING FLEXIBLE DRIVING TIP|FR1556078A| FR3038033B1|2015-06-29|2015-06-29|METHOD OF MOUNTING FLEXIBLE DRIVING TIP|
EP16745785.2A| EP3314155B1|2015-06-29|2016-06-29|Method for fitting a flexible pipe end-fitting|
CN201680043492.XA| CN107850248B|2015-06-29|2016-06-29|Method for adapting a flexible pipe end fitting|
DK16745785.2T| DK3314155T3|2015-06-29|2016-06-29|Method of mounting an end piece in a flexible tube|
PCT/FR2016/051611| WO2017001774A1|2015-06-29|2016-06-29|Method for fitting a flexible pipe end-fitting|
BR112017027438A| BR112017027438A2|2015-06-29|2016-06-29|Flexible duct tip mounting method|
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